INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
Currently the usage of smartphones in the world has been increasing rapidly, such thing directly had greater impacts on improving the relationship among the people in the society. In recent years the large number of the world's population has a smartphone today, but in universities the number of smartphone users is larger and there are impacts of smartphone use on improving relationship among the university students despite the fact that in universities smartphone are very essential in communication purpose, socializing with others, entertainment, reading and for finding information for their daily information needs. Some of them use smartphones for study and learning purposes, including access to library resources (Kuldip et al, 2018).
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Globally the usage of smartphones in universities is normal thing in almost all countries of the world, as students tend to use smartphones for different reasons include communication purpose, for study and sometimes for entertainment, but the use of smartphones has greater impacts on improving the relationship among the university students all over the world (Suliman, et al, 2016).
In Europe countries like United Kingdom, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Poland, France, Ukraine and Germany have different universities in which students use smartphones for different functions. The usage smartphones that practiced by students tend to improve positive and negative impacts on relationship among them. The use of smartphone had impacts on improving the relationship among the undergraduate in university of oxford, university of Cambridge, university of London, university of Delf, university of Amsterdam and other universities in European countries (.Darcin, Noyan, Nurmedov, Yilmaz & Dilbaz2015)
In America countries like united states of America, Canada, Brazil and the like they have different universities in which students use smartphones, the Apple's iPhone is the most popular smartphone to Americans followed with other types of smartphones as the vast majority of Americans 96% now own a cellphone of some kind. The share of Americans that own smartphones is now 81%, up from just 35% in Pew Research Center's first survey of smartphone ownership conducted in 2011. America University found in Washington DC, university of Brasilia in Brazil, University of Chile, Harvard University, Yale University, The University of Chicago in Chicago, Colombia University in Stanford have a lot of students who use smartphones that had greater impacts on improving their relationship in universities. In Peruvian university student use smartphones, which had greater impact on relationship among students (Rojas-Osorio, Mercedes, and Aldo 2019).
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